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Let’s Travel to Hainan in Winter

Let’s Travel to Hainan in Winter muTu Note - Learn Chinese with Chinese Girl

场景:大卫从广州出差回来,约李丽一起吃饭
Scene: David came back from a business trip in Guangzhou and asked Li Li to have dinner with him
人物:大卫和李丽
Characters: David and Li Li

Let's Travel to Hainan in Winter

大卫:广州真是个好地方。城市很漂亮,好吃的东西也很多。
李丽:天气热吗?
大卫:很热。现在是秋天了,北京已经凉快了,但是广州还是很热。
李丽:中国的地方大,所以南方跟北方的气候很不一样。
大卫:没错。秋天还是在北京舒服。
李丽:对,秋天是北京最好的季节。不过,再过一个月,天气就冷了。
大卫:北京的冬天有多冷?
李丽:肯定比你的家乡冷多了。到时候你就知道了。
大卫:对了,今年冬天我有两周的假期,去哪儿旅游比较好呢?
李丽:冬天去海南吧。海南在中国的最南边,有阳光和沙滩,最适合冬天度假。
大卫:你有假期的话,跟我一起去吧。
李丽:好啊,希望今年能有假期。

课文 Text

Dà wèi :Guǎngzhōu zhēn shì gè hǎo dìfang. Chéngshì hěn piāoliang,hǎochī de dōngxi yé hěnduō.
大 卫: 广 州 真 是 个 好 地方。城市 很 漂亮, 好吃 的 东西 也 很多。
Lǐ Lì :Tiānqì rè ma?
李 丽:天气 热 吗?
Dà wèi :Hěn rè. Xiànzài shì qiūtiān le,Běijīng yǐjīng liángkuai le,dànshì Guǎngzhōu háishì hěnrè.
大卫: 很 热。现在 是 秋天了,北京 已经 凉快 了,但是 广州 还是 很热。
Lǐ Lì :Zhōngguó de dìfang dà ,suóyǐ nánfāng gēn běifāng de qìhòu hěn bù yíyàng.
李 丽:中国 的 地方 大,所以 南方 跟 北方 的 气候 很 不 一样。
Dà wèi :Méicuò. Qiūtiān háishì zài Běijīng shūfu.
大卫: 没错。 秋天 还是 在 北京 舒服。
Lǐ Lì :Duì ,qiūtiān shì Běijīng zuìhǎo de jìjiē. Búguò ,zàiguò yí gè yuè ,tiānqi jiù lěng le.
李 丽:对,秋天 是 北京 最好 的 季节。不过,再过 一 个月,天气 就冷了。
Dà wèi:Běijīng de dōngtiān yǒu duō lěng ?
大卫:北京 的 冬天 有 多 冷?
Lǐ Lì :Kěndìng bǐ nǐde jiāxiāng lěng duō le. Dàoshíhou nǐ jiù zhīdao le.
李 丽:肯定 比 你的 家乡 冷 多 了。到时候 你 就 知道了。
Dà wèi :Duìle ,jīnnián dōngtiān wó yǒu liǎng zhōu de jiàqī , qù nǎr lǚyóu bǐjiào hǎo ne ?
大卫:对了, 今年 冬天 我 有 两 周 的 假期,去哪儿 旅游 比较 好 呢?
Lǐ Lì :Dōngtiān qù Hǎinán ba. Hǎinán zài Zhōngguó de zuì nánbiān,yǒu yángguāng hé shātān,
李 丽:冬天 去 海南 吧。海南 在 中国 的 最 南边, 有 阳光 和 沙滩,
zuì shìhé dōngtiān dùjià.
最 适合 冬天 度假。
Dà wèi :Ní yǒu jiàqī de huà,gēn wǒ yìqǐ qù ba.
大卫:你 有 假期 的 话,跟 我 一起 去 吧。
Lǐ Lì :Hǎo a ,xīwàng jīnnián néng yǒu jiàqī.
李 丽:好啊,希望 今年 能 有 假期。

重点句 Key Sentences

Xiànzài shì qiūtiān le, Běijīng yǐjīng liángkuai le.
1. 现在 是 秋天 了,北京 已经 凉快了。
Zàiguò yí gè yuè ,tiānqi jiù lěng le.
2. 再过 一 个 月,天气 就 冷 了。
Dàoshíhou nǐ jiù zhīdao le.
3. 到时候 你 就 知道 了。
Xīwàng jīnnián néng yǒu jiàqī.
4. 希望 今年 能 有 假期。

讲解 Explanations

1.……有多+adj: 本结构用于疑问句,构成“主语+有多+adj?”的句式,一般用于对话中,而且用于这样的上下文中:上文已经提到一个情况的程度,问话者用“……有多+adj?”追问具体达到了何种程度。例如:
(1)A;北京的冬天挺冷的。
B:北京的冬天有多冷?
A:最冷的时候有零下十几度呢。
(2)A:你真高,你有多高?
B:1.75米。
(3)A:咱们从这儿去天安门,走路去太远了。
B:从这儿到天安门有多远?
A:大约40公里。
例(1)中A说“北京的冬天挺冷的”,B追问“北京的冬天有多冷”,得到的具体程度是“最冷的时候有零下十几度呢 。”例(2)中A觉得B个子很高,想知道B的具体身高,用了“你真高,你的个子有多高?”。
……yǒuduō+ adj: The structure Subject + yǒuduō+ adj is used in questions. It fits the following contexts: when person A mentions a degree, and person B wants to make a detailed inquiry, Subject + yǒuduō+ adj can be used. For example:
(1) A: Běijīnɡ de dōnɡtiān tǐnɡ lěnɡ de。Winter in Beijing is quite cold.
B:Běijīnɡ de dōnɡtiān yǒu duō lěnɡ?How cold is it in Beijing?
A: Zuì lěnɡ de shíhou yǒu línɡxià shíjǐdù ne。The temperature is lower than -10℃ in coldest time.
(2)A: Nǐ zhēn ɡāo,nǐ yǒu duō ɡāo? You are really tall! How tall are you?
B:1.75 mǐ。 I’m 1.75 meter.
(3)A: Zánmen cónɡ zhèr qù Tiān’ānmén,zǒulù qù tài yuǎn le。
It’s too far for us to walk to Tian’anmen from here.
B:Cónɡ zhèr dào Tiānānmén yǒu duō yuǎn?
How far is it from here to Tian’anmen?
A:Dàyuē 40 ɡōnɡlǐ。 It’s about 40kilometers.

2.到时候:有“等到做某件事或见到某人的时候”、“到了约定时间的时候”的意思,一般用于表达将来时间的句中。例如:
(1)A:北京有多冷?
B:到时候你就知道了。
(2)明天咱们去广州,到时候在机场见。
(3)咱们约好这个周日一起看电影,到时候你一定要来啊。
Dào shíhou: When the time comes. It’s used in sentences indicating future time. Examples include:
(1)A:Běijīnɡ yǒu duō lěnɡ? How cold is Beijing?
B:Dào shíhou nǐ jiù zhīdào le。 You will know that in store.
(2)Mínɡtiān zánmen qù Guǎnɡzhōu,dào shíhou zài jīchǎnɡ jiàn。
We’ll fly to Guangzhou tomorrow, let’s see then at the airport.
(3)Zánmen yuēhǎo zhè ɡe zhōurì yìqǐ kàn diànyǐnɡ,dào shíhou nǐ
yídìnɡ yào láia。We arranged to go to the cinema together this Sunday. You must be sure to come.

3.还是:A.表示动作、行为或状态保持不变,有“仍然”的意思。例如:
(1)北京已经凉快了,但是广州还是很热。
(2)十年过去了,她还是很年轻。
(3)《飘》是个老电影,不过还是有很多人喜欢看。
B.表示经过比较、考虑,有所选择,“还是”后的结构为做出的选择。例如:
(1)秋天还是北京舒服。
(2)尝了很多国家的美食,我还是最爱吃中国菜。
(3)现在是交通高峰期,咱们还是坐地铁去故宫吧。
Háishì:
A. It expresses that an action or a state keep unchangable. It means still. For example:
(1)Běijīnɡ yǐjīnɡ liánɡkuài le,dànshì Guǎnɡzhōu háishì hěn rè。 Beijing has already got cool, but Guangzhou is still hot.
(2)Shínián ɡuòqù le,tā háishì hěn niánqīnɡ。
She is still so young after 10 years.
(3)《Piāo》 shì ɡè lǎo diànyǐnɡ,búɡuò háishì yǒu hěnduō rén xǐhuɑn kàn。 Gone with the wind is an old movie, but people still like it.
B. It indicates that someone has a choice after comparison and consideration. The choice follows after háishì. For example:
(1)Qiūtiān háishì Běijīnɡ shūfu。
Beijing is more comfortable after all.
(2)Chánɡ le hěnduō ɡuójiā de měishí,wǒ háishì zuì àichī Zhōnɡɡuó cài。 I’d prefer Chinese food to other countries’ fine food.
(3)Xiànzài shì jiāotōnɡ ɡāofēnɡqī,zánmen háishì zuò dìtiě qù Gùɡōnɡ bɑ。 It’s peak traffic hour, let’s take subway to the Palace Museum.

练习 Exercises

Xiànzài Běijīng rè ma ?
1.A:现在 北京 热 吗?
Xiànzài shì qiūtiān le,
B: 现在 是 秋天 了,_______________。

Qiūtiān Guǎngzhōu rè ma?
2.A:秋天 广州 热 吗?
B: ___________________。

Běijīng de dōngtiān yǒu duō lěng ?
3.A:北京 的 冬天 有 多 冷?
B: _________________。

Jīnnián dōngtiān gēnwǒ yìqǐ qù Hǎinán ba.
4.A:今年 冬天 跟我 一起 去 海南吧。
Hǎo a ,
B: 好啊,__________________。

参考答案 Reference answers

Běijīng yǐjīng liángkuai le.
1. 北京 已经 凉快 了。
Qiūtiān Guǎngzhōu háishì hěn rè.
2. 秋天 广州 还是 很 热。
Dàoshíhou nǐ jiù zhīdao le.
3. 到时候 你 就 知道 了。
Xīwàng jīnnián néng yǒu jiàqī.
4. 希望 今年 能 有 假期。

语言点:“了”的用法 Language point: Usages of le

助词“了”的用法较多,以下分别说明。
A.助词“了”用于句尾,表示已经完成了,用于已经发生的事情。例如:
(1)昨天我去颐和园了。
(2)大卫上星期回国了。
用于句尾的“了”的否定形式是:……没VP。例如:
(3)昨天我没去故宫。
B.“了”用于动词后,表示动作已经完成,用于已经发生的事情,动词宾语前一般带数量词作定语。也用于将来发生的事情,宾语前无此限制。例如:
(1)昨天我买了一个西瓜。
(2)明天我吃了饭,就去公司。
用于动词后的“了”的否定形式是:……没VP。例如:
(3)昨天我没买西瓜。
C.表示状态出现了变化,用于句尾,其否定形式是:……不VP了。例如:
(1)北京已经凉快了。
(2)要下雨了,我们回家吧。
(3)我不去广州了。

The particle le has many functions. Its usages are as follows:

A.le is placed in the end of sentence, which indicates an action occurred in the past and the state has been ended. Examples include:
(1)Zuótiān wǒ qù Yíhéyuán le。
I went to the Summer Palace yesterday.
(2)Dàwèi shànɡxīnɡqī huíɡuó le。
David went back to his country last week.
The negative form of le is: ……méi VP. For example:
(3)Zuótiān wǒ méi qù Gùɡōnɡ。
I didn’t go to the Palace Museum.

B.le is used after verbs which indicates an actions has finished. A quantifier should be used before objects when le is used in past tense. le can also be used in future tense which has no limitation for objects.
(1)Zuótiān wǒ mǎi le yíɡè xīɡuā。
I bought a melon yesterday.
(2)Mínɡtiān wǒ chī le fàn,jiù qù ɡōnɡsī。
I’ll go to the company as soon as I finish eating.
The negative form of le in this case is:……méi VP. For example:
(3)Zuótiān wǒ méi mǎi xīɡuā。I didn’t buy a melon yesterday.

C. le indicates that a state has changed which is placed in the end of a sentence. Its negative form is: ……bù + VP + le. For example:
(1)Běijīnɡ yǐjīnɡ liánɡkuài le。
Beijing has got cool.
(2)Yào xiàyǔ le,wǒmen huíjiā bɑ。
It’s raining. Let’s go home.
(3)Wǒ bú qù Guǎnɡzhōu le。
I’m not going to Guangzhou.



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